Social Attitudes towards Transport

Traffic police have a chosen measure of land to cover all through the locale. Their job is to Provide a crisis reaction, Reduce street crash setbacks, Minimize disturbance to the free progression of traffic, give any conceivable help and consolation to street clients, Provide authority bolster administrations to the power and Ensure that the division makes the most productive utilization of every one of its assets. In all the traffic vehicles the watch vehicles have been fitted with uniquely structured suspension and brakes to adapt to the additional heap and the differed and requesting conditions they are presented to. Bike officials additionally have a pro job in the policing of significant open occasions, for example, football matches, also, giving a police escort to VIPs. They co-ordinate roadwork's, speeding grumblings and screen neighborhood impact patterns. Fast Response Ambulance Fast reaction rescue vehicle is determined to go to crisis episodes, in a perfect world inside eight minutes of notice. The Trophy Yellow domain vehicles, with green intelligent Battenburg attire, occurrence gear carried on the vehicles incorporates; oxygen treatment, cardiovascular defibrillators, entonox, maternity and pediatric pack, consumes sack, cervical collars, braces and medical aid sack. Plans for significant episodes, site maps, body sacks, triage cards and contacts for offices and emergency clinics are likewise conveyed. Extra extraordinary things incorporate the light rooftop bar, radio correspondences and a converse decal ‘Ambulance' uniform on the cap and ‘RESPONDER' on its back end. These vehicles aren't positioned at the clinic; they are situated in regions near the district visitors making their reaction time significantly speedier. Their job is to go to crises, be first on the scene and help harmed individuals. The two administrations are required to go to occurrences inside a brief timeframe. To have the option to make these cutoff times, they are both approved to utilize their alarms and lights to make other street clients mindful that they are reacting to a crisis. Much of the time both fast reactions are connected together. On the off chance that theirs a RTA the quick reaction would be first on scene that would then get the emergency vehicle administration got out in the event that anybody is harmed. The fast reaction rescue vehicle may accept that call if it's inside their region, which would join in and trust that emergency vehicle will go to from the medical clinic to take setbacks to emergency clinic. Crooks target vehicles, New vehicles are naturally fitted with a gadget appended immobilizer, tracker or alert. The thoughts of these security gadgets are laid out underneath. Immobilizing framework, which is naturally initiated when the start key is evacuated. The manner in which it works is the gadget transmits a radio-recurrence signal each time the motor is turned over, sending an alternate secret key to the framework. Safeguarding the vehicle can't be begun some other path without the key. Electronic motor immobilizers keep your vehicle from beginning and are the most ideal approach to stop cheats. Vehicle cautions can stop hoodlums from taking your vehicle, yet additionally taking things from it. More seasoned vehicles are lawbreakers practical objectives because of the absence of security assurance fitted to them. Controlling wheel locks are a less expensive option in contrast to motor immobilizers use them each time you leave your vehicle. Locking wheel nuts simple to fit and prevent criminals from taking your wheels. Have your vehicle enrollment number or the last seven digits of your Vehicle Identification Number scratched onto all windows, the two windscreens and your headlamps. Imprint all your vehicle hardware, similar to your vehicle sound system, with your vehicle enrollment number. Having any of these safety efforts diminishes the engaging quality of the vehicle to burglaries. Examination of driver's mentality while going on the streets. Because of nobody having a similar trademark everybody is extraordinary, with their own style of driving procedure. Considering this individuals will in general act diversely on the streets. Street rage is the greatest type of driver's disposition on the streets and they aren't really the individual in the driver's seat either. Individuals speeding, acting unreliable and general conduct of others on the streets can cause street rage. More established residents push the fault onto more youthful residents for the way that they drive, more youthful residents invert the fault. There are specialists who because of street rage drive all the more perilously and quicker accusing traffic and cutoff times as their reason. Guardians who need to get kids, yet cant park close to schools because of substantial blockage around the school. There are individuals who drive for living truck drivers, van drivers and open vehicle drivers who are reliably on the streets, that movement through all the pinnacle times. There are the busy time frames during the day that make everybody less average to standing by smoothly. Speeding is for the most part affected by others speeding, thinking in the event that they can break the cutoff, at that point so can they, which causes numerous different issues on the streets. In the wake of investigating speeding I found that in Northampton there was a work search for individuals who had broken as far as possible, where individuals can examination there own conduct on the streets. After the workshop results demonstrated that: 92 percent of respondents who had been on a Speed Workshop said that they were presently bound to keep to as far as possible. Of the individuals who had gotten a speeding ticket, however hadn't been on a Speed Workshop, 53 percent of respondents said that it was not satisfactory to surpass as far as possible. After the Workshop, this expanded to 78 percent. http://www.norpol.com/safetycamera/newsstart.htm Savor driving England is unsatisfactory particularly around the Christmas time frame where more than the normal beverage. The UK legitimate cutoff for drivers is 80 mg of liquor for every 100 ml of blood yet there is no safeguard manual for the measure of liquor that a driver can securely devour. The sum and sort of mixed beverage, the weight, sex and digestion of the driver all have an influence. Be that as it may, any measure of liquor influences driving capacity. A driver's capacity to pass judgment on speed and separation might be disabled, their response times might be eased back and their judgment of hazard genuinely influenced. Exhortation from the beverage driving site has given this structure for drinking: Preceding driving: †Men ought to expend close to 4 units, ladies close to 3 When drinking the prior night driving: †Men ought to expend close to 10 units, ladies close to 7. (This accept no liquor is devoured after 11.30 pm, and that driving doesn't happen before 8 am the next morning) Cambridge province committee have distributed that over the most recent three years there have been 324 beverage drive mishaps including demise and injury. Drink driving may cause the driver not ready to pass judgment on the speed and separation precisely; the driver may turn out to be progressively pompous while driving imperiling other street clients. With every one of these individuals on the streets, there is no big surprise such a large number of individuals are associated with mishaps. Mishaps can likewise be brought about by individuals' very own inclinations. A driver may get a kick out of the chance to drive more slow than the individual in the vehicle behind due to not feeling sure on the streets or simply being careful. Numerous drivers out and about need more breaks during voyaging that could make the driver worn out, bad tempered and prone to turn into a peril to themselves as well as other people. Agents going in their own vehicle are probably going to have mobiles being used, without hands free or amplifier the drive by law needs to stop where safe and answer the call. As this is improbable occasion to happen the vast majority fit connections in the vehicle to forestall submitting an offense. Guardians with kids ought to forestall the driver being occupied, engage kids with a type of music or gear that will engage the youngsters while in their child seats or while they are belted up in the rearward sitting arrangements. Utilizing this kind of mentality while making an excursion will diminish the opportunity of a typical traffic offense and if there should be an occurrence of a mishap lessen the opportunity of basic mishap. (Ref 1) (Ref 2) (Ref 1) Poster on tiredness †I did a studied on ten individuals asking what they do during long excursions, five individuals said they don't stop however will in general vary the speed, play music and have desserts in the vehicle. Two individuals said that they stop like clockwork at a pre-chosen break while the other three said that it relies upon the climate and whether they know where they are going. In the wake of demonstrating the banner to the five that don't stop, the drivers have changed their conclusion and have consented to shrivel stop for a stretch, trade drivers if ready to and plan their excursion that stop each hour to two hours. (Ref 2) Poster on cell phones †while driving, demonstrates that individuals aren't multi-talented that implies driving and utilizing a versatile will separate there consideration running higher danger of a mishap. Reviewing a similar ten individuals that I accomplished for the tiredness banner, I asked what number of have their mobiles turned on and how they would manage the driving on the off chance that they're versatile begun ringing. Three individuals said that they don't have their telephone on at all through excursions. Two individuals said that because of the idea of the business that they have hands free packs and one individual said that their organization introduced a receiver set to abstain from missing calls while out and about. Four individuals said that they would possibly use there portable while sitting in rush hour gridlock or when they are driving on streets that wont cause the driver interruption. In the wake of demonstrating the banner and requesting that they read it out, they thought that it was hard and took a couple of moments to work out that the transcript was connecting with two unique articulations. After this test, the entirety of the drivers that I reviewed that said that they would in any event get some gear introduced in their vehicle to abstain from causing mishap. In any event, utilizing hand free packs and amplifiers aren't exhorted, however they aren't illegal and they have diminished the measure of mishaps. Not every person can abstain from utilizing their portable while travel

Email Etiquette

Email Etiquette Email Etiquette Email Etiquette By Ali Hale In the event that you work in an office, you most likely compose messages each day †to partners, to your chief, to customers. Regardless of whether you’re still at school, you’ll need to email your teachers now and again (perhaps to argue for an exposition augmentation, or to request help) †and numerous businesses presently expect continues and introductory letters to be sent by email. Thus, having the option to compose an expert, professional email is an essential aptitude. Day by day Writing Tips has just secured the email headline, yet the body of your message additionally matters. 1. Start with a greeting Your email should open by tending to the individual you’re writing to. Of course, you can pull off forgetting about the welcome when you’re running off an email to your companion, however efficient messages should start with: Dear Mr Jones, or Dear Professor Smith, (for somebody you don’t know well, particularly if they’re a predominant) Dear Joe, or Dear Mandy, (on the off chance that you have a working relationship with the individual) It’s fine to utilize â€Å"Hi Joe†, â€Å"Hello Joe† or simply the name followed by a comma (â€Å"Joe,†) on the off chance that you realize the individual well †composing â€Å"Dear Joe† to one of your partners will look odd! 2. Write in short passages Come to the heart of the matter †don’t sit around wavering. Split your email into two to four short sections, every one managing a solitary thought. Consider utilizing visual cues for additional lucidity, maybe in the event that you are: Posting a few inquiries for the beneficiary to reply Recommending various elective choices Clarifying the means that you’ll be completing Put a twofold line break, as opposed to an indent (tab), between sections. 3. Stick to one theme On the off chance that you have to keep in touch with somebody around a few unique issues (for instance, if you’re giving your supervisor a report on Project X, approaching him for an audit meeting to examine a payrise, and revealing to him that you’ve got a doctor’s arrangement on Friday), at that point don’t put them all in a similar email. It’s difficult for individuals to monitor diverse email strings and discussions if subjects are disordered up. 4. Use capitals suitably Messages ought to observe indistinguishable principles of accentuation from other composition. Capitals are regularly abused. Specifically, you should: Never compose an entire sentence (or more awful, an entire email) in capitals Continuously underwrite â€Å"I† and the principal letter of formal people, places or things (names) Underwrite acronymns (USA, BBC, RSPCA) Continuously start sentences with a capital letter. This makes your email simpler to peruse: have a go at retyping one of the messages you’ve got in ALL CAPS or all lower case, and perceive how much harder it is to follow! 5. Sign off the email For short inner organization messages, you can pull off simply putting a twofold space after your last passage at that point composing your name. On the off chance that you’re composing an increasingly formal email, however, it’s basic to close it suitably. Utilize Yours earnestly, (when you know the name of your recipient) and Yours loyally, (when you’ve tended to it to â€Å"Dear Sir/Madam†) for formal messages, for example, employment forms. Utilize Best respects, or Kind respects, in most different circumstances. In any event, when writing to individuals you know well, it’s respectful to close down with something, for example, â€Å"All the best,† â€Å"Take care,† or â€Å"Have a decent day,† before composing your name. 6. Use a reasonable email signature Ideally this is presence of mind †however don’t pack your email signature with cites from your preferred TV appear, persuasive orator or clever companion. Do incorporate your name, email address, phone number and postal location (where fitting) †clearly, your organization may have a few rules on these. It makes it simple for your journalists to discover your contact subtleties: they don’t need to pull through for the principal message you sent them, yet can simply glance in the footer of any of your messages. Assembling everything Look at the accompanying two employment forms. The substance of the messages are indistinguishable †yet who might you give the activity to? i’ve joined my resume I would be thankful in the event that you could understand it and hit me up at your soonest accommodation. I have all the experience you are searching for †i’ve worked in a client confronting condition for a long time, I am equipped with ms office and I appreciate filling in as a feature of a group. a debt of gratitude is in order for your time Or then again Dear Sir/Madam, I’ve joined my resume. I would be appreciative on the off chance that you could understand it and hit me up at your soonest accommodation. I have all the experience you are searching for: I’ve worked in a client confronting condition for a long time I am skilled with MS office I appreciate filling in as a component of a group Much obliged for your time. Yours loyally, Joe Bloggs Have you at any point gotten an actually gravely composed email? Or on the other hand have you at any point been disclosed to you have to look over your own email composing? Offer your email behavior loathsomeness stories †and any of your tips †in the remarks! Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin getting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Business Writing class, check our well known posts, or pick a related post below:50 Idioms About Legs, Feet, and ToesThat versus WhichDrama versus Acting

Villanova MBA Essay Samples

Villanova MBA Essay SamplesVillanova MBA essay samples are quite useful as you try to formulate a strong letter that is convincing enough to convince the committee of the hiring committee. However, once again there are problems with this process, and you should have a good reason why you deserve the position. This is why you need to have a firm and clear objective and why you would be the best candidate for the job.The main question you need to answer is 'how can I do this without going to the right place?' It is not easy to answer this question, but fortunately you can go through a number of these essay samples. You can start by selecting the sample letter that matches your skills and interests.Once you get the sample, the next step is to make sure you are writing the paper in the proper style. This should include the use of correct grammar and spelling. Also make sure you are using the right font and spacing and making it interesting enough to read. You need to research if the essa y is suitable for the school or college or university where you are applying.To write an effective essay, you need to keep in mind the content and how the essay will stand out. If you have a lot of experience you may choose to make a detailed explanation of your experiences, and what you have learned, but this is not required. The most important thing is that you take the opportunity to give a good summary of your experiences and skills.Letters can easily be altered by adding some personal references that can strengthen the letters. Make sure you don't add too many because you want to make the reader to feel that you have been to the school or college because you have been lucky enough to encounter the best. However, too many does not make you appear sincere.Make sure you are sure of what you are saying and doing by giving the right words, and making sure you speak about what you believe in. Don't over-emphasize what you have done and how you got to where you are now.The best way to improve your chances of getting hired is to work hard and put in the time for learning the letters of the alphabet and phrases, and make sure you use the right ones in the letter. Remember you need to write a well-structured and convincing letter, so you should spend some time to understand what you have to say and find the best ways to express yourself.

What Does It Mean To Live The Good Life

What is â€Å"the good life†? This is one of the oldest philosophical questions. It has been posed in different ways—How should one live? What does it mean to â€Å"live well†?—but these are really just the same question. After all, everyone wants to live well, and no-one wants â€Å"the bad life.† But the question isn’t as simple as it sounds. Philosophers specialize in unpacking hidden complexities, and the concept of the good life is one of those that needs quite a bit of unpacking. The Moral Life One basic way we use the word â€Å"good† is to express moral approval. So when we say someone is living well or that they have lived a good life, we may simply mean that they are a good person, someone who is courageous, honest, trustworthy, kind, selfless, generous, helpful, loyal, principled, and so on. They possess and practice many of the most important virtues. And they don’t spend all their time merely pursuing their own pleasure; they devote a certain amount of time to activities that benefit others, perhaps through their engagement with family and friends, or through their work, or through various voluntary activities. This moral conception of the good life has had plenty of champions. Socrates and Plato both gave absolute priority to being a virtuous person over all other supposedly good things such as pleasure, wealth, or power. In Plato’s dialogue Gorgias, Socrates takes this position to an extreme. He argues that it is much better to suffer wrong than to do it; that a good man who has his eyes gouged out and is tortured to death is more fortunate than a corrupt person who has used wealth and power dishonorably. In his masterpiece, the Republic, Plato develops this argument in greater detail. The morally good person, he claims, enjoys a sort of inner harmony, whereas the wicked person, no matter how rich and powerful he may be or how many pleasure he enjoys, is disharmonious, fundamentally at odds with himself and the world. It is worth noting, though, that in both the Gorgias and the Republic, Plato bolsters his argument with a speculative account of an afterlife in which virtuous people are rewarded and wicked people are punished. Many religions also conceive of the good life in moral terms as a life lived according to God’s laws. A person who lives this way, obeying the commandments and performing the proper rituals, is pious. And in most religions, such piety will be rewarded. Obviously, many people do not receive their reward in this life. But devout believers are confident that their piety will not be in vain. Christian martyrs went singing to their deaths confident that they would soon be in heaven. Hindus expect that the law of karma will ensure that their good deeds and intentions will be rewarded, while evil actions and desires will be punished, either in this life or in future lives. The Life of Pleasure The ancient Greek philosopher Epicurus was one of the first to declare, bluntly, that what makes life worth living is that we can experience pleasure. Pleasure is enjoyable, it’s fun, it’s...well...pleasant! The view that pleasure is the good, or, to put I another way, that pleasure is what makes life worth living, is known as hedonism. The word â€Å"hedonist,† when applied to a person, has slightly negative connotations. It suggests that they are devoted to what some have called the â€Å"lower† pleasures such as sex, food, drink, and sensual indulgence in general. Epicurus was thought by some of his contemporaries to be advocating and practicing this sort of lifestyle, and even today an â€Å"epicure† is someone who is especially appreciative of food and drink. But this is a misrepresentation of Epicureanism. Epicurus certainly praised all kinds of pleasures. But he didn’t advocate that we lose ourselves in sensual debauchery for various reasons: Doing so will probably reduce our pleasures in the long run since over-indulgence tends to cause health problems and limit the range of pleasure we enjoy.The so-called â€Å"higher† pleasures such as friendship and study are at least as important as â€Å"pleasures of the flesh.The good life has to be virtuous. Although Epicurus disagreed with Plato about the value of pleasure, he fully agreed with him on this point. Today, this hedonistic conception of the good life is arguably dominant in Western culture. Even in everyday speech, if we say someone is â€Å"living the good life,† we probably mean that they enjoying lots of recreational pleasures: good food, good wine, skiing, scuba diving, lounging by the pool in the sun with a cocktail and a beautiful partner. What is key to this hedonistic conception of the good life is that it emphasizes subjective experiences. On this view, to describe a person as â€Å"happy† means that they â€Å"feel good,† and a happy life is one that contains many â€Å"feel good† experiences. The Fulfilled Life If Socrates emphasizes virtue and Epicurus emphasizes pleasure, another great Greek thinker, Aristotle, views the good life in a more comprehensive way. According to Aristotle, we all want to be happy. We value many things because they are a means to other things: for instance, we value money because it enables us to buy things we want; we value leisure because it gives us time to pursue our interests. But happiness is something we value not as a means to some other end but for its own sake. It has intrinsic value rather than instrumental value. So for Aristotle, the good life is a happy life. But what does that mean? Today, many people automatically think of happiness in subjectivist terms: to them, a person is happy if they are enjoying a positive state of mind, and their life is happy if this is true for them most of the time. There is a problem with this way of thinking about happiness in this way, though. Imagine a powerful sadist who spends much of his time gratifying cruel desires. Or imagine a pot-smoking, beer-guzzling couch potato who does nothing but sit around all day watching old TV shows and playing video games. These people may have plenty of pleasurable subjective experiences. But should we really describe them as â€Å"living well†? Aristotle would certainly say no. He agrees with Socrates that to live the good life one must be a morally good person. And he agrees with Epicurus that a happy life will involve many and varied pleasurable experiences. We can’t really say someone is living the good life if they are often miserable or constantly suffering. But Aristotle’s idea of what it means to live well is objectivist rather than subjectivist. It isn’t just a matter of how a person feels inside, although that does matter. It’s also important that certain objective conditions be satisfied. For instance: Virtue: They must be morally virtuous.Health: They should enjoy good health and reasonably long life.Prosperity: They should be comfortably off (for Aristotle this meant affluent enough so that they don’t need to work for a living doing something that they would not freely choose to do.)Friendship: They must have good friends. According to Aristotle human beings are innately social; so the good life can’t be that of a hermit, a recluse, or a misanthrope.Respect: They should enjoy the respect of others. Aristotle doesn’t think that fame or glory is necessary; in fact, a craving for fame can lead people astray, just as the desire for excessive wealth can. But ideally, a person’s qualities and achievements will be recognized by others.Luck: They need good luck. This is an example of Aristotle’s common sense. Any life can be rendered unhappy by tragic loss or misfortune.Engagement: They must exercise their uniquely human abilities and capacities. This i s why the couch potato is not living well, even if they report that they are content. Aristotle argues that what separates human beings from the other animals is the human reason. So the good life is one in which a person cultivates and exercises their rational faculties by, for instance, engaging in scientific inquiry, philosophical discussion, artistic creation, or legislation. Were he alive today he might well include some forms of technological innovation. If at the end of your life you can check all these boxes then you could reasonably claim to have lived well, to have achieved the good life. Of course, the great majority of people today do not belong to the leisure class as Aristotle did. They have to work for a living. But it’s still true that we think the ideal circumstance is to be doing for a living what you would choose to do anyway. So people who are able to pursue their calling are generally regarded as extremely fortunate. The Meaningful Life Recent research shows that people who have children are not necessarily happier than people who don’t have children. Indeed, during the child-raising years, and especially when children have turned into teenagers, parents typically have lower levels of happiness and higher levels of stress. But even though having children may not make people happier, it does seem to give them the sense that their lives are more meaningful. For many people, the well-being of their family, especially their children and grandchildren, is the main source of meaning in life. This outlook goes back a very long way. In ancient times, the definition of good fortune was to have lots of children who do well for themselves. But obviously, there can be other sources of meaning in a person’s life. They may, for instance, pursue a particular kind of work with great dedication: e.g. scientific research, artistic creation, or scholarship. They may devote themselves to a cause: e.g. fighting against racism; protecting the environment. Or they may be thoroughly immersed in and engaged with some particular community: e.g. a church; a soccer team; a school. The Finished Life The Greeks had a saying: Call no man happy until he’s dead. There is wisdom in this. In fact, one might want to amend it to: Call no man happy until he’s long dead. For sometimes a person can appear to live a fine life, and be able to check all the boxes—virtue, prosperity, friendship, respect, meaning, etc.—yet eventually be revealed as something other than what we thought they were. A good example of this Jimmy Saville, the British TV personality who was much admired in his lifetime but who, after he died, was exposed as a serial sexual predator. Cases like this bring out the great advantage of an objectivist rather than a subjectivist notion of what it means to live well. Jimmy Saville may have enjoyed his life. But surely, we would not want to say that he lived the good life. A truly good life is one that is both enviable and admirable in all or most of the ways outlined above.

Cbt Therapy - 5297 Words

CBT to Treat Generalized Anxiety Cognitive Therapy (CT) or Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) was pioneered by Dr. Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, while he was a psychiatrist and professor at the University of Pennsylvania. Before being hired for this job he had practiced psychoanalysis elsewhere and became interested in advancing the field. While at the University of Pennsylvania Dr. Beck designed and carried out several experiments to test psychoanalytic concepts that delta with depression. Through this research Dr. Beck was hoping to validate the fundamental concepts associated with psychoanalytic therapy, during his studies he was surprised to find the opposite. Instead of validating his previous studies he founded the concept of†¦show more content†¦Cognition can involve anything dealing with judging, conceiving, reasoning and remembering. Cognition can be anything that one think. In cognitive therapy these are usually negative thoughts. These thoughts are usually what therapy sessions are centered around Beck identified six different types of faulty thinking: 1. ARBITRARY INFERENCE - Drawing conclusions about oneself or the world without sufficient and relevant information. 2. SELECTIVE ABSTRACTION - Drawing conclusion from very isolated details and events without considering the larger context or picture. 3. OVERGENERALIZATION - Holding extreme beliefs on the basis of a single incident and applying it to a different or dissimilar and inappropriate situation. 4. MAGNIFICATION AND EXAGGERATION - The process of overestimating the significance of negative events. 5. PERSONALIZATION - Relating external events to one another when no objective basis for such a connection is apparent. 6. POLARIZED THINKING - An all-or-nothing, good or bad, and either-or approach to viewing the world. therapy sessions can be done individually,with a group of people, and more recently popular with a self-help book or computer program ( individual and group therapy are more widely known forms of therapy however with the fast pace and technology savvy world we live in today self-help and computer based programs are growing in popularity, self-help booksShow MoreRelatedCognitive Behavior Therapy ( Cbt ) Essay1174 Words   |  5 PagesCognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is now growing within today’s society. It is very popular as it is efficient with known to have long lasting treatments for with many individuals who suffer from psychological problems. However, there has been some parsimony and empiricism within in CBT, it aims to be parsimonious. CBT is a short intensive course. The course of the treatment mostly lasts 30-60 minutes long with 5-20 sessions. Just when you are set tling into the treatment and becoming comfortableRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt )2001 Words   |  9 PagesINTRODUCTION Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is ubiquitous and a proven approach to treatment for a host of diverse psychological difficulties (Wedding Corsini, 2014). There are copious of acceptable created experiments that show to be highly useful in treating anxiety disorders through GAD Generalized Anxiety Disorder approach (Fawn Spiegler, 2008). The purpose of this assignment is to expound on the client’s demography and demonstrating concern. The first procedure in this assignment willRead MoreCognitive Behavior Therapy ( Cbt )857 Words   |  4 Pagescombination of cognitive therapy with behavioral therapy to form CBT (Hansen, 2008). Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) was developed by Aaron Beck in 1967 (field, Beeson, Jones, 2015). In the late mid-1980s, people were still very resistance to the combination of the two therapies, despite the great works of Ellis and Beck (Hansen, 2008). CBT proposed that dysfunctional emotional and behavioral responses were caused directly by dys functional thinking, known as cognitive distortions. CBT is the most commonlyRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt )937 Words   |  4 PagesFirst and foremost, what is cognitive behavioral therapy? The Mayo Clinic website defines cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as a common type of psychotherapy, talk therapy, wherein the individual seeking therapy works with a mental health counselor in a structured way for a prescribed set of meeting. (web citation) CBT is a goal oriented therapeutic approach which allows the individual in therapy to identify troubling situations or conditions in their life; allows the individual to become awareRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt ) Essay935 Words   |  4 PagesCognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a therapeutic approach that is based on a combination of cognitive and behavioral therapy. CBT focuses on how a person’s distorted thought process and inaccurate belief system influences their mood and behaviors. Once it can be identified, the blended therapy aims to change a person’s thinking to be more adaptive and healthy, which will lead to change unhealthy behavior patterns (National Institute of Mental Health, 2015). This type of psychotherapy has beenRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt )1257 Words   |  6 PagesCognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a short-term, empirically valid amalgamation of facets from cognitive and behavior therapies. Cognitive-behaviorists believe that psychological problems stem from maladaptivity in both thought and behavior patterns, whether self-taught or learned from others. Therefore, changes have to take place in both thoughts and actions. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is structured as collaboration between client and therapist, focusing on the present. A prominent aspect of CBT is the client’sRead MoreCognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT)1559 Words   |  7 PagesAssumptions and Definition Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) addresses dysfunctional emotions, maladaptive behaviors, and cognitive processes. This is an effective treatment for patients who are dealing with anxiety and depression. CBT refers to a group of psychotherapies that incorporate techniques from cognitive therapy and behavior therapy. Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck are the two psychologists who came up with therapies. Beck developed the cognitive therapy (CT) that focuses on changing the client’sRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt )1480 Words   |  6 PagesCognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) approach was used for this case conceptualization that consists of a pre-initial evaluation of client M and six weeks of individual therapy sessions using CBT therapy and the Beck Depression Inventory has the domain of counseling theory. Within the behaviorist strand of counseling theory, Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) has been successfully used to treat mild depression. In this case study, the client has mild depression; which is one of the most multi-problemRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt ) Essay1036 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a short-term and goal-oriented approach, which is increasingly popular in both the research field and the practical field. It has become the psychotherapy investigated most extensively due to its wildly application to various disorders and mental problems (Butler, Chapman, Forman, Beck, 2006). One salient advantage of CBT is its flexibility. It is adaptable to different age groups and various cultural backgrounds in both individual and group settingRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt )1134 Words   |  5 Pagesneed help. There are different ways to help with PTSD, but the most effective treatment is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). CBT is the most effective treatment option for veterans because it focuses on committing the mind on present day and future events, relieves the mind of the traumatic events, and has been proven to help with a variety of mental illnesses. The therapist helping with CBT will attempt to help understand and change the effects and how to think about the trauma. He or she will help

Case Study Law free essay sample

Determine whether the following employees are within the scope of the Employment Act, the Sabah Labour Ordinance or the Sarawak Labour Ordinance. For each employee, explain their rights in the situations described. a) Janet is a HR Executive earning RM1,800 per month. She is 8 months pregnant and has been on sick leave for most of the last 2 months. The company wants her to start her maternity leave immediately. Mimi is a Production Executive earning RM5,000 per month. She is now 5 months pregnant and the company has persuaded her to take 42 days instead of 60 days of maternity leave. (10 marks) Answer: Janet income for every month is RM 1,800, thus, according to First Schedule; she is covered by the Employment Act because her wages do not exceed RM 2,000 per month. Besides that, referring to Section 37 (1), every female employee shall be entitled to maternity leave for a period of not less than 60 days in respect of each confinement. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Study Law or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Under this section also, there is a need to take a leave if a medical officer or the registered medical practitioner unable to perform her duties satisfactorily. The employee may be required to commence her maternity leave at any time during a period of 14 days preceding the date of her confinement as determined by medical officer or the registered medical practitioner. Next, under this section, there is also stated an employee shall not commence earlier than a period of 30 days immediately preceding the confinement of a female employee or later than the day immediately following her confinement. According to Section 60F, if Janet has been working for less than 2 years, she is entitled to get 14 days leave, 18 days if has been employed for 2 years and not more than 5 years, and 22 days for more than 5 years of service. 60 days if hospitalization is necessary, as may be certified by registered medical practitioner or medical officer. Thus, after 60 days have been used, it will be considered as unpaid leave. In conclusion, Janet has been on sick leave for most of 2 months, her employer may ask her to commerce the maternity leave 14 days before the confinement upon certified by registered medical practitioner or Janet may take the maternity leave prior to actual confinement for up to maximum 30 days before her due date. For the Mimi’s case, referring to Section 44A stated that the whole part on maternity protection is applicable to every female employee engaged under a contract of service irrespective of wages. According to First Schedule, she is not covered under the Employment Act because her wages exceed to RM 2,000 but under Section 69B, the powers of the Director General under section 69(1)(a) shall extend to employees whose wages per month exceed RM 1,500 but does not exceed RM 5,000 and the complaints must be on cash entitlement written in employment contract. Referring to Section 37(1), a female em ployee shall be entitled to maternity leave for a period of not less 60 consecutive days in respect of each confinement and entitled to receive from her employer a maternity allowance to be calculated. A female employee, who does not satisfy for maternity allowance, she may with the consent of employer, commence work at any time during the eligible period if she has been certified fit to resume work by a registered medical practitioner. Therefore, if Mimi is willing and fulfilled the condition to resume work by registered medical practitioner, she may take the 42 days instead of 60 days of maternity leave as requested by her company. b) Sulaiman is a driver with TZ Company Sdn Bhd. He was on annual leave on 12 13 June. 4 15 were Public Holidays. 16 was Sunday. On 17 18, the local bomoh gave him a sick certificate after treating him for the hallucinations that he had been having. When he came to work on the 19 June, the Personnel Manager said â€Å"you have self-terminated your employment†. (10 marks) Answer: Referring to First Schedule of Employment Act 1955, Sulaiman is covered by the Act because he is working as driver and engaged in the operation of any mechanically propelled vehicle operated for the transport of passengers or goods. According to Section 59, Sulaiman is entitled for rest day of 1 day in a week the or in the case of an employee engaged in shift work any continuous period of not less than 30 hours shall constitute a rest day. Thus, if Sulaiman’s rest day fall on Sunday, he is entitled to absent from work. For annual leave can be used under Section 60D where Sulaiman is entitled for paid annual leave upon working 12 month of service and depending on the length of service. days for employment period less than 2 years, 12 days for employment period more than 2 years but less than 5 years and 16 days for employment period of more than 5 years. According to Section 60F, Sulaiman is entitled to get sick leave depending on the length of employment period. 14 day for employment period less than 2 years, 18 days for employment period more than 2 years but less than 5 years and 22 days for employment period of more than 5 years. To be entitled to paid sick leave, employee should get the certified si ck by a registered medical practitioner. In this case, the local bomoh is not certified medical practitioner, therefore, Sulaiman’s sick certificate is invalid. In conclusion, according to Section 15, an employee shall be deemed to have broken his contract of service with the employer if he has been continuously absent from work form more than 2 consecutive days without prior leave from his employer, unless has reasonable excuse for such absence and has informed or attempted to inform his employer. The Personnel Manager said that Sulaiman had self-terminated his own employment can be refer under this section. Furthermore, Sulaiman do not submit valid sick certificate, thus he may state his excuse to the company for not being well to carrying out his duty on that day. QUESTION 2 a) List two (2) major employment laws. (5 marks) There are a number of employment laws in Malaysia such as Employment Act 1955 and Industrial Relations Act 1967. The Employment Act 1955 protect workers from exploitation and provides the minimum terms and conditions of services for employees that stated in the First schedule. This act is applicable to West Malaysia only. The Industrial Relations Act 1967 provide for the regulation of the relations between employers and workmen and their unions as well as laying down rules to help prevent and settle disputes between the two parties, thus ensuring peaceful industrial relations as far as possible. This act is applicable to whole country. b) Discuss the purpose of each law and the department in the Ministry of Human Resources responsible for enforcing each of these laws. (10 marks) Employment Act 1955 Employment Act 1955 is the most important legislation with regard to employment in Malaysia. It provides benefits for these workers covered by the Act. It has been established and given certain rights or benefits for both employer and employees. The purposes of Employment Act 1955 are to establish for certain rights or benefits for both employers and employees and to provide a minimum benefits for these workers covered by act. The Department of Labor in Peninsular Malaysia is responsible to ensuring all employers comply with the acts requirements. Among the functions carried out by this department are carries out impactions and prosecutes employers when necessary, advises an employer on government policies and their implementation on the workplace. Furthermore, the department of labor also investigates claims of unfair labor practices make the decision on an employee’ claims. On the other hand, the department of labor also responsible to answer the queries on employment acts and also assists in solving the problem. Industrial Relations Act 1967 The purpose of Industrial Relations Act 1967 is to provide for the regulation of the relations between employers and workmen and their trade unions. This act emphasizes on direct negotiation between employers and workmen or employees and their trade unions to settle their differences and to regulate their collective relationship and to settle any dispute arising therefrom though their own effort and through mutually agreed procedures with minimal government intervention. Under the Industrial Relation Act 1967, the legitimate rights of employers and workmen or employees and their trade are protected. This act also provides the procedure relating to submissions of claims for recognition and scope and representation of trade union and collective bargaining. The Department of Industrial Relations Malaysia is responsible in enforcing law in Industrial Relations Act 1967. The objectives are the promotion and maintenance of positive and harmonious relations between employers and employees and their respective trade union and organization. The function of Department of Industrial Relations Malaysia is to coordinate communication between the organizations of employers and workers’ organizations to promote and preserve the tripartite relationship between the government, employers and workers in the field of industrial relations. Providing advice to employers and employees to promote well and practices healthy industrial relations.   Discuss the differences between ‘contract of service’ and ‘contract for service’. 5 marks) According to section 2, contract of service is any agreement whether oral or in writing and whether express and implied, whereby one person agreed to employ another as an employee and that other agrees to serve his employer as an employee and includes an apprenticeship contract. In contract of service, there are relationship between employee and employer such as wages, hours of work, conditions of the service and other conditions that employees should serve to the em ployer. Contract for service is a contract between principal and contractor to carry out the whole or any part of any work undertaken by the principal in the course of or for the purposes of the principal’s trade or business. Contract for services refers to a person who provides his services to his clients. There is no employer and employee relationship. The person is usually self-employed or may provide his or her services on a freelance basis at a fee. b) Differentiate, with examples, express and implied terms in employment contracts. (10 marks) Employment contracts should be drafted in such a way that they are as clear and possible. The terms are the contents of the contract or the promises made by each party to the other. A contract of employment does not have to be in writing. The employment contracts must be carefully drafted that fulfill the certain criteria such as must compliant with the law, written in a language the employee can understand and includes all the necessary terms and conditions. There are two types of the terms in employment contract which are in express terms and implied terms. The express terms of a contract are usually found in letters of appointment, company handbook and collective agreement. Express term is a contract in which the terms of the employment are stated in words either agreed oral or written. According to section 10, a contract of service for a specified period of time exceeding one month shall be in writing. The requirement that need to be in an express terms of contract are job title, wages, holiday and leave entitlement and other terms that compliant to the employment law. The example of express terms is the employee should give termination notice to the employer according to the terms and conditions that are stated in offer letter or any agreed oral between the two parties. Another example is the employer should give the holiday entitlement or annual entitlement according mutual agreement between the employee and employer and any stated in offer letter and also company books. If a worker has no written letter of appointment, it does not mean that no contract of employment exists between him and his employer. It is call implied terms in employment contracts. These are not expressly or explicitly stated because in the main they are fairly obvious to both parties to the contract of employment. Implied terms include statutory rights, such as the right to equal pay and duties such as duty of care. Implied terms means the duties and obligation of both parties are not expressed but are implied by their acts or conducts. Both indicate by their conduct that they have a mutual agreement and need not express the agreement in words. The employer and employee have a duty of care towards each other and other employees. This means, for instance, that the employer should provide a safe working environment for the employee and the employee should use machinery safely. An employee has a duty to obey any reasonable instructions given by the employer. For example, a lorry driver should not be told to drive an uninsured or untaxed vehicle. There is no legal definition of reasonable, but it would not be reasonable to tell an employee to do something unlawful.

Teilhard De Chardin - Place Of Man In The Universe Essays

Teilhard De Chardin - Place Of Man In The Universe Before the world was made, he chose us, chose us in Christ, to be holy and spotless, and to live through love in his presence, determining that we should become his adopted sons, through Jesus Christ. (Eph. I, 4-5). These powerful words of St. Paul in his first letter to the Ephesians, I think, best characterize the spirit of Teilhard the Chardin, his idea of man and man's place in the universe, and of the common goals of humanity. Just imagine somebody? Somebody, whose whole life was a continuous prayer to God, a prayer, in which he constantly asked to break through the seal of traditional authority and common ignorance, and explore the depth of reality, the ultimate beginning and the ultimate end, and the reasons behind the emergence of life and conscious beings in the universe. Of course, that means that your books are put on the Index and you are almost made into a heretic by the True and Holy Catholic Church. But he didn't give up. He clearly saw his goals, his purpose. It was his life's work, to trace back the origins of mankind, and to speculate of its goals and ultimate outcome. It was his type of spirituality, scientific spirituality, that drove him incessantly to spend sleepless nights trying to make sense out of scientific facts, to tie them together with what seemed apparent, and with that which didn't seem so apparent. And the best he came up with was a simple statement, We Are All One. Life is ete rnal, love is immortal, and death is but a horizon. Life Is, he would say if someone would have asked him, what is life? Life Is, and ever was, and forever will be - world without end. Composite matter dies and falls apart, but spirit remains. And with it - that indelible part of it, the nuclei of personality, the individual particles which have been with us from the very beginning, which grow and evolve with us, and which strive towards common union into a whole, with God as the center? In my paper, I will discuss Pierre Teilhard de Chardin's idea of man's place in the universe, as presented in a variety of his works. I will be using mostly primary sources for my research, as well as talks delivered at the Centennial Teilhard de Chardin Symposium at Georgetown University, and books written by Teilhard's friends or contemporaries. In most of his works, Teilhard establishes a link between anthropology and metaphysics, between science and religion. They are an attempt to understand the universe through man, who is very much part of it. In them, we can see Teilhard's vision of harmony of duality of the universe, which is composed of matter and spirit. Union of matter and mind, of the cosmos and the spirit of the universe, and the evolving of one into the other is one of the main ideas behind all of Teilhard's works. He tries to prove that life didn't emerge by accident, but was a product of evolution. And man has his own place in the evolution of the universe. First of all, universe is not static. That is, there is no permanence in it. Everything is in the constant process of change, and a particular kind of change - evolution. How did man come to be, asks de Chardin. And the only plausible conclusion he can make is, that human being is a link in a chain of evolution. What was before man? And how does God fit into the whole picture? Let us follow Teilhard in his understanding of the universe through ourselves, human beings. Has there always been conscious life in our universe? No, would be Teilhard's answer. Emergence of consciousness was indeed a breakthrough in the evolution of the world. But what kind of a breakthrough? What is the primordial element that gave rise to life in the universe? What is it composed of? As a Catholic priest, he should say, well, the universe was created by God out of nothing in six days, and culminated in the creation of man out of earth. And this Old Testament myth, however surprising it